The ancient city of Sravasti, located in the southern Himalayan foothills of the terai region beside the Rapti River, was the capital of the Kosala kingdom. Revered in Buddhist tradition, it is frequently mentioned in historical texts and remains an important centre of pilgrimage.

Historical Background

Sravasti is noted in the Mahaparinibbana Sutta as one of the principal cities associated with the Buddha. The excavated remains at Sahet are identified as Jetavana Vihar, where the Buddha spent 24 or 25 rainy seasons and delivered most of his sermons. Excavations since 1863 C.E. have revealed foundations of stupas, temples, monasteries, and early Kushan remains.

Location and Significance

Situated in present day Uttar Pradesh, the area preserves sacred associations tied to early Buddhism. Sahet and Mahet together form the archaeological zone that reflects the religious and cultural importance of Sravasti.

Architectural Materials and Design

Mahet, the fortified ancient city, contains two major brick mounds known as Pakki Kuti and Kachchi Kuti, regarded as stupas marking the conversion of Angulimala and the site of Anathapindaka’s stupa. Across the landscape, plinths, structural bases, and sculptural fragments testify to sustained monastic activity over centuries.